Network Security

🔍 What is Nmap? Nmap (Network Mapper) is an open-source tool used for network discovery and security auditing. It is widely used by network administrators and security professionals to: Discover devices on a network. Perform port scanning to identify open services. Detect operating systems and versions. Identify potential vulnerabilities. 🛠 Key Features of Nmap Port Scanning: Nmap can scan large networks for open ports and services. OS Detection: It can detect the operating systems of the target systems, including their versions. Version Detection: Identifies the version of services running on open ports. Scripting Engine: Nmap’s NSE (Nmap Scripting Engine) enables users to automate network discovery tasks and vulnerability scanning. 🚪 Port Scanning Techniques Nmap offers multiple techniques for scanning ports: ...

🚀 Network Address Translation (NAT) Network Address Translation (NAT) is a technique used in IPv4 networks to manage the shortage of public IP addresses and provide security by hiding internal network structures. NAT is typically implemented on routers or firewalls and allows a single public IP address to represent multiple devices in a private network. Types of NAT: Static NAT: Maps a private IP address to a specific public IP address. Each internal device has a fixed corresponding public IP. Dynamic NAT: Maps a private IP address to a pool of public IP addresses. When an internal device initiates a connection, the router selects an available public IP from the pool. Port Address Translation (PAT): Also known as Overloading, it maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address using different port numbers to differentiate between the connections. 🧠 How NAT Works Translation Process: When a device in a private network sends data to the internet, the NAT device modifies the source IP address in the packet header from the private IP to the public IP. The device keeps track of the connection in a translation table. ...