ARQ

📊 Performance of ARQ Protocols ARQ protocols are central to ensuring reliable data transmission, but their performance can vary based on factors like channel quality, window size, and protocol type. Let’s dive into the performance evaluation of Stop-and-Wait, Go-back-N, and Selective Repeat. 📈 Stop-and-Wait ARQ Efficiency: In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, the sender must wait for an acknowledgment after sending a frame, which leads to poor utilization of available bandwidth, especially in high-latency networks. Throughput: [ \text{Throughput} = \frac{\text{Frame Size}}{\text{Transmission Time} + \text{Round-Trip Time (RTT)}} ] Where RTT represents the time for a packet to go to the receiver and back. ...

📡 What are ARQ Protocols? Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) protocols ensure reliable communication by handling the retransmission of lost or corrupted data. These protocols are widely used in data link and transport layers to ensure integrity and timeliness. 🧩 Types of ARQ Protocols Stop-and-Wait ARQ: Sender sends one frame, waits for acknowledgment (ACK). Limitation: Low efficiency due to waiting for each frame’s acknowledgment. Use Case: Simple applications where low data rate suffices. Go-back-N ARQ: ...